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The reign of Edward I permitted landowners to turn their consideration to something other than defense and safety. As within the castle the wealthy lord sought to embellish the excellent hall, which typically took the spot of the ancient preserve, with fine tapestry, richly carved furniture, magnificently carved garden statuary, significant functional and ornate garden fountains, so outdoors as well he strove to decorate the gardens with fountains, arbors, and possibly a maze.

The improvement in husbandry and horticulture was as satisfactory as the advance created in the fine arts. Right here the influence of the king was specially felt. Though engaged in war or busy with legislative cares, Edward I discovered time to attend to the cultivation of his gardens and the stocking of his vineyards and orchards. Fruit and forest trees, shrubs, and flowers introduced from the continent were naturalized in the king's gardens, fed by plentiful water from the fountains, or in these of the nobility and the more substantial religious homes.

New varieties of fruit had been introduced at this time. Figs, oranges, lemons, citrons, almonds, and even olives are noted among the fruits growing in the gardens of some of the huge land-owners. These natives of a southern climes could not have ripened their fruits unless in exceptionally warm seasons or by signifies of hothouses, with water supplied by the local fountains even so, the evidence that they existed is overwhelming.

All classes of folks now appear to have had pleasure gardens. These belonging to the king had been principally in the neighborhood of London, at Charing, Westminster, Clarendon, the Tower, and at Windsor Castle. In them grew peaches (1st mentioned, in 1276), pears and apples (of which several new varieties had been introduced), quinces and strawberries (effectively identified to the Anglo-Saxons) and gooseberries (which appear to have been a novelty). There had been also royal vineyards at Windsor and Westminster. Dcor integrated ornate fountains, and bas relief garden statues. One of the wonderful nobles, De Lacey, Earl of Lincoln, cultivated substantial market gardens on the leading of Holborn Hill and received a considerable revenue from them. water damage long beach